What are the alternatives to benzene?

The use of benzene as a solvent has been largely phased out in the West, as safer alternatives can often be found. Benzene-free paints are now commercially available, so is benzene-free glue. Cyclohexane is often used as an alternative to benzene in electroplating, rubber manufacturing and varnish solvents. Heptane is another effective replacement for benzene, and is commercially available for use in paints and coating, and as a solvent. Many other non-polar solvents can act as alternative to benzene. Water-based paint and adhesives can also be used in place of organic-based ones. In fact, apart from the limited needs of manufacturing benzene-derived chemicals, the use of benzene is seldom absolutely necessary. It is just cheaper.[1]



[1] According to a New York Times report, benzene-free glues in China are 30% more expansive than benzene containing ones. “For Want of Safer Glue, Chinese Shoemakers Get Sick“, 6 June 2000  (http://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/06/world/for-want-of-safer-glue-chinese-shoemakers-get-sick.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm)